The headline “Signs of vitamin B12 deficiency are ignored” refers to the fact that B12 deficiency can sometimes develop slowly and symptoms may be mistaken for normal aging, stress, or other health issues.
Vitamin B12 is important for red blood cell production, nerve health, and DNA formation. Possible signs of deficiency include:
- Unusual tiredness or weakness
- Low B12 can contribute to anemia, which may reduce energy.
- Numbness or tingling
- A “pins and needles” feeling in the hands or feet can occur when nerves are affected.
- Balance problems
- Nerve changes may affect coordination or walking.
- Memory or concentration difficulties
- Some people experience brain fog or trouble focusing.
- Mood changes
- Irritability, low mood, or other changes may occur.
- Pale skin
- Anemia from B12 deficiency can affect skin color.
- Sore or swollen tongue
- The tongue may become smooth, red, or painful.
- Shortness of breath or dizziness
- These can occur when anemia is significant.
People at higher risk include:
- Older adults
- People with low intake of animal products (such as strict vegans)
- People with absorption problems (for example, certain stomach or intestinal conditions)
- People taking certain medications, such as long-term acid-reducing medicines or metformin (risk varies by person)
When to seek medical advice
Persistent fatigue, numbness, balance problems, or memory changes should be discussed with a healthcare professional. A blood test can help determine whether B12 levels are low and whether treatment is needed.
B12 deficiency is often treatable, but self-diagnosing based only on symptoms can be unreliable because many conditions can cause similar signs.
