Headlines like “Eight pills you shouldn’t take because they damage your kidneys” are misleading. There isn’t a universal list of pills that everyone should avoid. However, some medications can increase the risk of kidney injury in certain people, especially if taken in high doses, for a long time, or by people who already have kidney disease.
Here are some of the main medication groups that can affect the kidneys:
- Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) such as Ibuprofen and Naproxen.
- Long-term or high-dose use can reduce blood flow to the kidneys.
- Risk is higher if you’re dehydrated, older, or have kidney disease, heart failure, or liver disease.
- Certain antibiotics, including aminoglycosides (such as Gentamicin) and, in some cases, Vancomycin.
- These are usually given under medical supervision with monitoring when needed.
- Diuretics (“water pills”)
- They don’t directly damage the kidneys, but they can contribute to dehydration or electrolyte imbalances if not used appropriately.
- Some blood pressure medications, including Lisinopril and Losartan.
- These often protect the kidneys, especially in people with diabetes, but kidney function and potassium levels are typically monitored after starting them.
- Certain antiviral, chemotherapy, and immunosuppressive medications
- Some of these can affect kidney function and require regular blood tests.
- Lithium
- Long-term use can affect kidney function in some people, so regular monitoring is recommended.
- High-dose proton pump inhibitors (rarely)
- Medications such as Omeprazole have been linked to rare cases of kidney inflammation.
- Some herbal supplements and unregulated products
- Certain products marketed as “natural” may contain ingredients that can harm the kidneys or interact with medications.
When to be especially careful
Your risk is higher if you:
- Already have kidney disease.
- Have diabetes or high blood pressure.
- Are over 65.
- Are dehydrated.
- Take several medications that affect the kidneys.
Bottom line
Most of these medications are safe and beneficial when prescribed and monitored appropriately. The risk comes from factors like the dose, duration, your overall health, and interactions with other medicines—not simply from taking the medication itself.
If you’re concerned that one of your medications could affect your kidneys, it’s best to discuss it with your healthcare provider before stopping it. Abruptly stopping some prescription medicines can be harmful.
