Some medicines and supplements can affect kidney function, especially in people with kidney disease, dehydration, older adults, or those taking multiple medications. It does not mean everyone must avoid these medicines—many are safe when used correctly and monitored by a healthcare professional.
Eight types of pills that may harm the kidneys or require caution
- Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)
- Examples: Ibuprofen, Naproxen, Diclofenac
- Risk: Can reduce blood flow to the kidneys and may trigger kidney injury, especially with long-term use or dehydration.
- Certain antibiotics
- Some antibiotics can stress the kidneys or require dose adjustments in people with reduced kidney function.
- Examples include certain drugs in the aminoglycoside family and others depending on the situation.
- Some blood pressure medicines
- ACE inhibitors and Angiotensin II receptor blockers can affect kidney blood tests (such as creatinine and potassium levels). They are often beneficial for many patients but need monitoring.
- Diuretics (“water pills”)
- Examples: Furosemide and other diuretics.
- Risk: Excess fluid loss can contribute to dehydration and kidney stress.
- Certain stomach-acid medicines
- Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) have been associated in studies with kidney problems in some users, particularly with prolonged use.
- Some antiviral medications
- Certain antiviral drugs may require kidney monitoring or dose adjustments.
- Lithium
- Lithium can affect kidney function, especially with long-term use, and requires regular blood tests.
- High-dose or unregulated supplements
- Some herbal products, bodybuilding supplements, or high-dose vitamins may contain ingredients that can stress the kidneys or interact with medicines.
Signs that may suggest kidney problems
Seek medical advice if you notice:
- Reduced urine output
- Swelling in legs, feet, or face
- Unusual tiredness
- Nausea or loss of appetite
- Blood in urine
- Sudden changes after starting a new medicine
Do not stop prescribed medicines on your own. If you take any of these regularly, a doctor or pharmacist can help determine whether your dose and kidney function should be checked.
