Who Is Most at Risk of Night Cramps?

Night cramps (often called nocturnal leg cramps) can happen to anyone, but some groups are more likely to experience them.

People at higher risk

1. Older adults
   • The frequency of night cramps increases with age.
2. Pregnant women
   • Especially during the second and third trimesters.
3. People who are dehydrated
   • Not getting enough fluids can contribute to muscle cramping.
4. Those who stand or sit for long periods
   • Prolonged positions can affect muscle function and circulation.
5. People who exercise intensely
   • Muscle fatigue may increase the likelihood of cramps.
6. People with certain medical conditions
   • Such as:
     • Diabetes mellitus
     • Peripheral artery disease
     • Chronic kidney disease
     • Some nerve disorders
7. People taking certain medications
   • Some medicines have been associated with muscle cramps, although the relationship is not always clear. If cramps started after beginning a medication, discuss it with your healthcare professional.

When to seek medical advice

Consider speaking with a healthcare professional if:

• Cramps are severe or frequent.
• They significantly disrupt sleep.
• You have muscle weakness, numbness, or swelling.
• The cramps began suddenly without an obvious cause.

What may help

• Gentle calf and hamstring stretching before bed.
• Staying hydrated.
• Regular physical activity without overexertion.
• Reviewing medications with a healthcare professional if cramps are persistent.

Most night cramps are not dangerous, but frequent or worsening symptoms can sometimes signal an underlying health issue worth evaluating.